Five Diplomystus and a Phareodus | 100% Natural | Green River Formation | Wyoming
Diplomystus dentatus & Phareodus testis
Unrestored specimen, 100% Natural
Eocene (51.98 Million Years Ago)
Green River Formation, Wyoming, USA
In Stone Fossils Private Quarry
Plate approx. size: 46.75" x 42.75" x 2"
Diplomystus approx. sizes: 7.25", 8", 16.5", 18", & 18"
Phareodus approx. size: 5.25"
Diplomystus is an extinct genus of freshwater clupeomorph fish distantly related to modern-day extant herrings, alewives, and sardines. The genus was first named and described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1877.
Ray-finned Fish - Diplomystus dentatus
Order Ellimmichthyiformes, Family Paraclupeidae
The last known species of the Ellimmichthyiformes order went extinct sometime in the middle Eocene. D. dentatus is a primitive relative of the modern day herring. The genus Diplomystus is also known from fossil deposits in China.
D. dentatus is the 2nd most common fossil fish found from Fossil Lake. Specimens ranging from embryonic size (about 0.7 inches) to full-grown adults (about 26 inches) are common. Smaller-sized specimens are more commonly found in mid-lake than near-shore deposits. This suggests that D. dentatus spawned in open water.
This species' upturned mouth indicates it fed at the surface of Fossil Lake. D. dentatus specimens are commonly found with other fish stuck in their mouths, including other D. dentatus specimens.
Bony-Tongue Fish - 2 Species Identified: Phareodus encaustus & Phareodus testis
Order Osteoglossiformes, Family Osteoglossidae
Living members of the Osteoglossidae family:
- include 10 modern species
- live exclusively in tropical freshwaters
- found in South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia
- mouth-brooders (parents hold eggs and hatchlings in their mouths)
Phareodus fossils:
- adult specimens usually found alone, but juveniles known from mass mortalities
- indicates that Phareodus schooled as a juvenile and became solitary as an adult
- often preserved with smaller fish in their jaws and stomach, indicating they were predators
- rearward oriented fins on back and underside, adaptation for speed
- large, sharp teeth
- max known size of P. encaustus: 30 inches
- max known size of P. testis: 20 inches